SUS Adds Free Colorectal Cancer Screening Test

What Is the New Colorectal Cancer Test Available on the SUS?

Brazil's public health system has added the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) to its free-of-charge services. The test detects hidden blood in stool samples, which can be an early indicator of colorectal cancer, without any invasive procedure.

Who Is Eligible for the Free Test?

Men and women aged 50 to 75 who have no symptoms of colorectal cancer are the target group. The screening is proactive — meaning it is designed for people who feel perfectly healthy but fall within the age range considered at higher risk.

Why Does Early Screening Matter?

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Brazil and worldwide. When detected early, treatment success rates are significantly higher. The FIT test requires only a stool sample collected at home, making it far less intimidating than a colonoscopy and more likely to be taken up by the general population.

How Does the Fecal Immunochemical Test Work?

The test uses antibodies to detect human hemoglobin — blood — in a stool sample. Patients collect the sample themselves and return it to a health unit. If the result is positive, the patient is referred for further diagnostic investigation, which may include a colonoscopy.

What Does This Mean for Expats and Foreigners in Brazil?

Foreigners who are registered with a Basic Health Unit (UBS) and hold a valid CPF are generally entitled to SUS services. If you are an expat aged 50–75 and living in Brazil, ask your nearest UBS about the availability of the FIT test in your municipality.